Vedas
Rig Veda – Oldest – 1000 Hymns ( Suktas ) –
3 Gods
Agni , Indra , Soma – Old & Vedic Sanskrit
Sama Veda – Musical notes and chanting
Yajurveda – Rituals and Sacrifices
Atharvaveda –
Spells and charms
People
Brahmins – Priests
Rajas : Performed rituals – no capital
cities , palaces armies , no tax collection , sons not succeed father
Jan/Vish ( Vaishya ) : Puru Jana , Bharata Jana , Yadu Jana
Aryas : Compose hymns
Dasas or Dasyus : Opponents, slaves captured in war
Stone Buildings
Megaliths – Big stones to mark burial
sites – Deccan , NE and Kashmir – were surface or underground – known as cist
Buried in pots – Black & red ware –
tools ,
weapons , ornaments
Inamgoan
On river ghod , tributary of Bhima
Adult buried in ground with head in north
With vessels of food and water
Man buried in clay jar in courtyard of
house – in cross legged position
China – Writings on animal bones (Oracle bones)
King in palaces and bronze vessels
Varna System – Based on Birth
Brahmin
Kshatriyas
Vaishyas – Farmers , Traders
Shudras –
Untouchables
Some kings didn’t accept it , they
considered themselves superior to priests
Janapadas
Land where jana set
their foot
Purana Oila in Delhi
Hastinapur
near Meerut ( UP )
Atranjikhera near Etah ( UP )
Mahajanapadas
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